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1 уголь
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2 продукт переработки каменного угля
Perfume: coal tar derivativeУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > продукт переработки каменного угля
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3 Hofmann, August Wilhelm von
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 8 April 1818 Giessen, Germanyd. 2 May 1892 Berlin, Germany[br]German organic chemist.[br]The son of an architect, Hofmann began studying law and languages but was increasingly drawn to chemistry, attracted by Liebig's teaching at Giessen. In 1841 Hofmann took his doctorate with a study of coal tar. He became Privatdozent at Bonn University in 1845, but later that year he was persuaded to take up the post of first Director of the Royal College of Chemistry in London, after tenure was guaranteed as a result of Prince Albert's influence. He remained there for twenty years until he was offered professorships in chemistry at Bonn and Berlin. He accepted the latter. Hofmann continued the method of teaching chemistry, based on laboratory instruction, developed by Liebig at Giessen, and extended it to England and Berlin. A steady stream of well-trained chemists issued forth from Hofmann's tuition, concerning themselves especially with experimental organic chemistry and the industrial applications of chemistry. In 1848 one of his students, C.B. Mansfield, devised the method of fractional distillation of coal tar, to separate pure benzene, xylene and toluene, thus laying the foundations of the coal-tar industry. In 1856 another student, W.H. Perkin, prepared the first synthetic dyestuff, aniline purple, heralding the great dyestuffs industry, in which several other of his students distinguished themselves. Although keenly interested in the chemistry of dyestuffs, Hofmann did not pursue their large-scale preparation, but he stressed the importance of scientific research for success on a commercial scale. Hofmann's stimulus in this direction flagged after his return to Germany, and this was a factor in the failure of British industry to follow up their initial advantage and allow it to pass to Germany. In 1862 Hofmann prepared a dye from a derivative of triphenylmethane, which he called rosaniline. From this he derived a series of beautiful colours, ranging from blue to violet, which he patented as "Hofmann's violets" the following year.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsEnnobled 1888.Further ReadingJ.Volhard and E.Fischer, 1902, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, ein Lebensbild, Berlin (the basic biography).K.M.Hammond, 1967, bibliography, unpublished, (Diploma in Librarianship, London University (lists 373 items; deposited in University College, London)).LRDBiographical history of technology > Hofmann, August Wilhelm von
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4 выделять
•Materials which give off (or release, or liberate) corrosive products during a temperature rise...
•The hypothalamus secretes (or puts out) a substance called the cotropin-releasing factor.
II•Let us now rewrite this expression separating out the derivative normal to.
IVсм. различать•The regulatory authority used to set aside a region of the radio spectrum for a service.
* * *Выделять(ся) -- to evolve, to exude, to release (из себя); to isolate, to separate, to sort out (отделять от других); to be remarkable (качеством)A grease system which continues to exude the base oil into the ball path is often selected for oscillatory motion applications.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > выделять
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5 выделять
•Materials which give off (or release, or liberate) corrosive products during a temperature rise...
•The hypothalamus secretes (or puts out) a substance called the cotropin-releasing factor.
II•Let us now rewrite this expression separating out the derivative normal to.
IVсм. различать•The regulatory authority used to set aside a region of the radio spectrum for a service.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > выделять
См. также в других словарях:
coal-tar dye — ˈ ̷ ̷ˌ ̷ ̷ noun : a dye made from a coal tar derivative; broadly : any synthetic organic dye compare aniline dye … Useful english dictionary
9,10-Dithioanthracene — (DTA) is the first molecule ever to be able to walk in a straight line by, in effect, mimicking the bipedal motion of a human being. It is an organic molecule composed of a coal tar derivative called anthracene linked to a pair of sulfur bearing… … Wikipedia
fuchsin — /fook sin/, n. a greenish, water soluble, solid, coal tar derivative, obtained by the oxidation of a mixture of aniline and the toluidines, that forms deep red solutions: used chiefly as a dye. Also, fuchsine /fook sin, seen/. Also called basic… … Universalium
Perkin , Sir William Henry — (1838–1907) British chemist Perkin was born in London, the youngest son of a builder. His interest in chemistry was aroused early by some experiments shown to him by a young friend and he was fortunate to attend the City of London School, which… … Scientists
dinitroresorcinol — di·ni·tro·re·sor·cin·ol (di ni″tro re sorґsin ol) a green coal tar derivative, C6H2(NO2)2(OH)2, used in preparing degenerated nerve tissue for study … Medical dictionary
fuchsin — fuch•sin [[t]ˈfʊk sɪn[/t]] n. chem. a greenish, solid, coal tar derivative, obtained by the oxidation of a mixture of aniline and the toluidines, that forms deep red solutions: used chiefly as a dye • Etymology: 1860–65; fuchs ( ia) + in I … From formal English to slang
qui|none — «kwih NOHN, KWIHN ohn», noun. 1. a yellowish, crystalline compound with an irritating odor, obtained by the oxidation of aniline and regarded as a benzene with two hydrogen atoms replaced by two oxygen atoms. It is used in tanning and making dyes … Useful english dictionary
heterocyclic compound — Any of a class of organic compounds whose molecules contain one or more rings of atoms with at least one atom (the heteroatom) being an element other than carbon, most frequently oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. As in regular cyclic hydrocarbons,… … Universalium
dye — dyable, dyeable, adj. dyer, n. /duy/, n., v., dyed, dyeing. n. 1. a coloring material or matter. 2. a liquid containing coloring matter, for imparting a particular hue to cloth, paper, etc. 3. color or hue, esp. as produced by dyeing. 4. of the… … Universalium
Pyridine — Pyridine … Wikipedia
Diffusion of technology in Canada — This article outlines the history of the diffusion or spread of technology in Canada. Technologies chosen for treatment here include, in rough order, transportation, communication, energy, materials, industry, public works, public services… … Wikipedia